Building
There are many projects for building low cost environmental sensors using Arduino and similar open source microcontrollers (see here). FreeStation differs from these because to build and deploy FreeStation or FreeSensor requires no knowledge of electronics, programming or making. FreeStation is low cost sensing for all, as the designs are simple, mature and fcoused on solder, plug and play. However, if you are an electronics whizz and have your own project that you wish to design and code you may still find the FreeStation PCBs and designs of use for your work.
We have developed FreeStation designs to support our research but have also put considerable effort into providing instructions so that others can also benefit from these technologies. These are provided as is and we do not have the resources to troubleshoot your builds beyond the documentation provided here. We have added many more sensors to the platform than we have been able to document: see our current list of >300 environmental variables measured here. Get in touch if you wish to collaborate in making any of these designs available.
FreeStation and FreeSensor designs have been in development since January 2014. The support provided by the open source hardware, Arduino, raspberry Pi, ESP32 and Particle open source communities and forums is gratefully acknowledged.
The Generation 3 (Particle) builds are current, in active development and the default going forward. The Generation 2 (Particle) builds are mature but no longer developed as Particle G2 devices are no longer supply-secure. The Generation 1 (Arduino) builds are mature and no longer being developed, since they are superseded by Generation 3. FreeStation sensors are compatible between Generation 2 and 3. See our FreeStation FAQ to submit or review answers to commonly asked questions.
As a collaboration of research organisations, we do not sell or build FreeStations for others. Neither can we provide parts or kits. Parts can be bought direct from suppliers as described in the build instructions. We do have a stock of FreeStations that we use in research, contact us if you are interested in a research collaboration using FreeStations.
A video introduction to building with FreeStation
Before you start building
Consider the following:
What are your sensor requirements i.e. what do you want to measure?
Will the sensor be located indoors or outdoors (i.e. will a weather shield and solar power be needed)
How will data be read from the station:
direct connection via 2G,3G,4G or WIFI (FreeStationLive) or
read by tethering to mobile phone
relay of data to Freelay (FreeStationLocal)
or swap of SDCARD
Go through the documentation and training materials so that you:
find the right FreeStation for your needs
avoid ordering incorrect or insufficient components
avoid mistakes in construction
Building your first FreeStation will be time consuming and error prone. After the first is working, others will be easy.
Building FreeStation Generation 3.0 (ESP32)
G3 documentation is in development. Do not use whilst this notice is in place. Expected completion Sep 2024. Some linked may not be available
To build a FreeStation you need to build the relevant sensors, a logger and - if deployed outside - the weatherproof enclosure that brings the components together as a station. The steps are outlined fully in the links to the build docs below. Building the FreeStation Live G3 datalogger, building the FreeStation Local G3 datalogger and Building the FreeStation Sensors.
Loggers (a logger takes readings from one or more sensors and records them)
EduStation classroom demo unit (parts: $43) - a web connected logger for classroom use only
FreeStationLive Data Logger (IoT) (parts: $84) - a web connected datalogger that can be used with any sensors.
FreeStationLocal Data Logger (parts: $54) - a datalogger suitable for remote sites with no mobile signal
Stations (a station is a collection of sensors together with a logger in a weatherproof enclosure)
FreeStationLive Automatic Weather Station (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, solar radiation , soil moisture, IoT connected through GSM) (parts: $180) - a web connected weather station
FreeStationLocal Automatic Weather Station (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, solar radiation , soil moisture, IoT connected through GSM) (parts: $150) - weather station suitable for remote sites with no mobile signal
Individual sensors: climate
FreeSensor raingauge (type 2) (parts: $12)
FreeSensor temperature/humidity Probe (type 2) (parts: $20)
FreeSensor pyranometer (type 2) (parts: $10)
FreeSensor wind array (parts: $26)
Individual sensors: hydrology
Individual sensors: ecology
FreeSensor wildlife camera
Tools
Freelay (field to internet relay). Allows transfer of data from FreeStationLocal without opening the logger enclosure and where there is no mobile/WIFI signal
Building FreeStation Generation 2.0 (Particle)
Particle Photon and Electron (2G) is now only available through bulk order (50 units) direct from Particle.
To build a FreeStation you need to build the relevant sensors, a logger and - if deployed outside - the weatherproof enclosure that brings the components together as a station. The steps are outlined fully in the links to the build docs below. These links are split across three documents: Building the FreeStation Live datalogger, building the FreeStation Local datalogger and Building the FreeStation Sensors.
Loggers (a logger takes readings from one or more sensors and records them)
EduStation classroom demo unit (parts: $43) - a web connected logger for classroom use only
FreeStationLive Data Logger (IoT) (parts: $84) - a web connected datalogger that can be used with any sensors.
FreeStationLocal Data Logger (parts: $54) - a datalogger suitable for remote sites with no mobile signal
Stations (a station is a collection of sensors together with a logger in a weatherproof enclosure)
FreeStationLive Automatic Weather Station (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, solar radiation , soil moisture, IoT connected through GSM) (parts: $180) - a web connected weather station
FreeStationLocal Automatic Weather Station (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, solar radiation , soil moisture, IoT connected through GSM) (parts: $150) - weather station suitable for remote sites with no mobile signal
Individual sensors: climate
FreeSensor raingauge (type 2) (parts: $12)
FreeSensor temperature/humidity Probe (type 2) (parts: $20)
FreeSensor pyranometer (type 2) (parts: $10)
FreeSensor wind array (parts: $26)
Individual sensors: hydrology
Individual sensors: ecology
FreeSensor wildlife camera
Tools
Freelay (field to internet relay). Allows transfer of data from FreeStationLocal without opening the logger enclosure and where there is no mobile/WIFI signal
FreeDAR. FreeStation LIDAR for measurement of channel profiles and topographic elevation models.
Building FreeStation Generation 1.0 (Arduino)
To build a FreeStation you need to build the relevant sensors, a logger and - if deployed outside - the weatherproof enclosure that brings the components together as a station. The steps are outlined fully in the links to the build docs below.
Loggers (a logger takes readings from one or more sensors and records them)
FreeStation NanoPro Data Logger (parts: $28)
FreeStation Meso data logger (Pro-mini version) (parts: $28) [French]
FreeStation Meso data logger (Kinguino version)
Stations (a station is a collection of sensors together with a logger in a weatherproof enclosure)
FreeStation Micro/Meso Automatic Weather Station (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, solar radiation , soil moisture) (parts: $150)
Individual sensors: climate
FreeSensor raingauge (parts: $12)
FreeSensor temperature/humidity Probe (parts: $20)
FreeSensor pyranometer (parts: $10)
FreeSensor wind array (parts: $26)
FreeSensor fog gauge
FreeSensor wind-driven rain gauge
Individual sensors: hydrology
Individual sensors: ecology
FreeSensor wildlife camera
The Kinguino - a low power high memory Arduino for environmental sensing
FreeStation uses the Arduino and Particle families of microprocessor development boards to provide cheap, flexible sensor control, datalogging and communications. All FreeStations can be built with widely available Arduino Pro mini 3.3V clones or Particle WiFi, cellular or mesh devices.
With Arduino, FreeStation has worked with Andice Labs to produce an Atmel644 version of the Anduno development board which we call the Kinguino. The Kinguino is a high memory, ultra-low power version of the Arduino, designed for environmental monitoring applications, with the following advantages:
Ultra low-power
The ability to programmatically switch off shields when not in use, for power saving
Arduino UNO form factor for compatibility with a range of shields
The ATmega 644 processor provides more memory for more sophisticated programming and control
The ATmega 644 provides more pins to attach sensors
FreeStation Building Terms and Conditions
FreeStation and FreeSensor designs are made freely available for non-commercial or commercial use with the following conditions. Any organisation using, modifying and/ or selling our open source designs, whether for profit or not, must abide by these conditions.
Makers must retain the FreeStation/FreeSensor name on the equipment and run the FreeStation/FreeSensor firmware provided so that stations contribute to a global open-source database.
Any third party modifications to our open source designs must also be open sourced and should maintain a high quality and robust build.
FreeStation is not responsible for any loss or injury associated with your making of our stations and use of our designs. We shall not be made liable for any consequential, incidental, indirect, special, punitive or exemplary damages resulting from the use of this hardware.
These materials are provided without warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.